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Timely
information and enabling tools provide
a sharp focus to integrated river basin
management, with better monitoring and
control of water resources schemes across
a river basin
The
product
BAS:
Basin-wide Water Accounting and Budgeting
System
An application software for accounting
and budgeting of water resources in an
entire river basin
The
client
Irrigation & Command Area Development
(I&CAD) Department
Government of Andhra Pradesh (GoAP)
The irrigation authority for the state
of Andhra Pradesh, responsible for river
basin-level planning and management
The
state of Andhra Pradesh has a predominantly
agricultural economy. The Krishna and Godavari
rivers account for 84 per cent of the total
riparian water resources of the state. Major
and medium irrigation schemes utilise 55
per cent of the total state irrigation potential.
To make the best use of water resources,
it is important to assess their magnitude,
distribution and scope for utilisation.
Details
The Andhra Pradesh irrigation information
system was planned as a pilot project to
undertake the design, development / customisation
and installation of a river basin-wide water
accounting and budgeting system (BAS) with
the following objectives:
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Improved budgeting of the available
water resources in the river basin
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Improved
management of available water resources
for irrigation, domestic and industrial
water supply |
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Improved
agricultural productivity by providing
a timely, adequate, reliable and equitable
supply of water |
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Improved
system monitoring and analysis |
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Improved
system operation and maintenance |
Sub-basin
configuration
A sub-basin is configured as per the flow
of the water between individual projects
within it, in order to estimate the hydrologic
water balance. A graphical user interface
(GUI) provided within the system performs
this task. The system has been designed
with a friendly user interface, to input
readily available data.
Reservoir
operation
The system has been designed with different
demand-based priority algorithms, to estimate
optimum releases from the reservoirs.
It can estimate reservoir water balances
on a daily basis.
Irrigation
water management
The system is designed to fulfil irrigation
requirements on a daily basis, depending
on the soil moisture conditions, available
water in the storage structures and the
reach within a sub-basin.
Integrated
GIS system
BAS has been integrated with a geographic
information system (GIS) environment,
to estimate water utilisation based on
GIS data. The GIS-based system helps the
user to graphically view the sub-basin
configuration in detail
Communication
system
The communication system handles data
transmissions covering the identified
headwork in the Krishna and Godavari river
basins, including real-time monitoring
of reservoir water levels and canal flow
levels at the identified headwork. The
telemetry system collects and stores the
reservoir water level and canal flow level
data from the identified headworks, and
transmits it to the headquarters at Hyderabad.
Schematic Diagram showing the schemes
covered by the dial-up telemetry system
for the Krishna and Godavari river basins
water accounting and budgeting system
Project-GIS
interface for BAS
The
GIS interface can represent the following
details on maps:
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Basin details |
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Sub-basin
details |
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Project
details |
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Crop
patterns |
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Conveyance
network details |
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Monitoring
station details |
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Organisational
set-up |
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Theissen
polygon |
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Hydrologic
pattern of the sub-basin |
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Cropping
pattern of the sub-basin |
The GIS interface generates the following
reports:
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Crop-wise area details |
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Comparative
reports on water requirements |
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Seasonal
water availability and demand |
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Seasonal
water allocation |
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Sub-basin
inflow |
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Run-off
distribution |
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Evapo-transpiration
distribution |
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Percolation
details |
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Soil
moisture storage |
Inputs
for the GIS interface
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Basin and sub-basin boundary maps
of the Krishna and Godavari basins
on 1:1,000,000 scale, from the I&CAD
department of the GoAP, digitised
by CMC |
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Topographical
maps (1:50,000 scale) from the Survey
Of India |
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Remote
sensing images: IRS 1C / 1D PAN, IRS
1C / 1D LISS-III. Images from the
National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA),
Hyderabad |
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Land-use maps from NRSA, Hyderabad |
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Soil
texture maps from NRSA, Hyderabad |
Methodology
The GIS interface was developed using the
necessary maps and satellite images supplied
by the I&CAD department. GIS Interface
is compatible with maps of any scale. Developing
the GIS interface involves:
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Preparation of data |
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Development
of GIS tools |
Development
of GIS tools
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The following GIS tools will be developed:
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Design
and development of tools for loading
raster maps and vector coverage, as
well as loading of images |
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Design
and development of tools for creating
point coverage, using the database |
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Tools for drawing thiessen polygons |
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Design
and development of tools overlay |
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Spatial
queries and report generation |
Outputs
of the GIS interface
Thematic coverage for:
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Project details |
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Crop
patterns |
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Monitoring
station details |
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Organisational set-up details |
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Thiessen
polygons |
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Hydrologic
pattern of sub-basins |
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Cropping
pattern of sub-basins |
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Water
allocation |
Details
in GIS reports
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Crop-wise area details |
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Comparative
reports on water requirement |
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Seasonal
water availability and demand |
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Seasonal water allocation |
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Sub-basin
inflow |
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Run-off
distribution |
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Evapo-transpiration
distribution |
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Percolation
details |
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Soil
moisture storage |
Technical
Architecture
Software for GIS Interface: ArcInfo
8.0.2, Arcview 3.2, ArcTIN, ArcGRID, ArcNetwork
Software
for remote sensing image processing:
Erdas Imagine 8.3
Operating
system: Windows NT
Application
programmers' interface (API) language:
MS Visual Basic 6.0
RDBMS:
Oracle 8i
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